Literatur review analisis mendalam tentang fluorouracil sebagai obat sitostatika yang memengaruhi sistem pencernaan

Literatur review: In-depth analysis of fluorouracil as a cytostatic drug affecting the digestive system

Authors

  • Siti Zulfah Prodi S1 Keperawatan, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Kampus Sumedang
  • Alfinny Boanerges Prodi S1 Keperawatan, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Kampus Sumedang
  • Aulia Putri Syah Vadysna Prodi S1 Keperawatan, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Kampus Sumedang
  • Nabila Nur Ramadhan Prodi S1 Keperawatan, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Kampus Sumedang
  • Zahwa Almauli Fatimah
  • Nursabillah Fitrah Prodi S1 Keperawatan, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Kampus Sumedang
  • Heri Ridwan Prodi S1 Keperawatan, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Kampus Sumedang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33023/jikep.v12i2.2994

Keywords:

Fluorouracil, Sitostatika, Sistem Pencernaan

Abstract

Fluorourasil (5-FU) merupakan antimetabolit yang bekerja dengan menghambat sintesis DNA melalui inhibisi thymidylate synthase dan berintegrasi ke dalam RNA, sehingga merusak fungsi translasi dan memicu sitotoksisitas pada jaringan dengan proliferasi cepat, termasuk saluran cerna. Artikel ini bertujuan menjelaskan mekanisme toksisitas gastrointestinal 5-FU serta strategi mitigasi yang dapat diterapkan untuk mengurangi efek samping. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah literature review dari database Open Alex, Google Scholar, PubMed, dan Science Direct pada tahun 2015–2025. Dari 790 artikel yang ditemukan, terpilih 7 jurnal yang relevan untuk dianalisis. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa toksisitas 5-FU dipengaruhi oleh gangguan sintesis DNA/RNA, kerusakan epitel usus, disbiosis mikrobiota, dan variasi genetik DPYD menimbulkan efek samping yang dominan meliputi mukositis, diare, mual muntah, dan gangguan motilitas. Strategi mitigasi seperti edukasi self-care, dukungan nutrisi, probiotik, penyesuaian dosis, skrining DPYD, dan therapeutic drug monitoring terbukti menurunkan keparahan toksisitas. Kesimpulannya, 5-FU tetap penting dalam terapi kanker, namun memerlukan pemantauan ketat dan pendekatan multidisipliner untuk menjaga keamanan serta efektivitas terapi.

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References

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Published

2026-06-28

How to Cite

Zulfah, S., Boanerges, A., Vadysna, A. P. S., Ramadhan, N. N., Fatimah, Z. A. ., Fitrah, N. ., & Ridwan, H. . (2026). Literatur review analisis mendalam tentang fluorouracil sebagai obat sitostatika yang memengaruhi sistem pencernaan: Literatur review: In-depth analysis of fluorouracil as a cytostatic drug affecting the digestive system. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan (Scientific Journal of Nursing), 12(2), 167-180. https://doi.org/10.33023/jikep.v12i2.2994

Issue

Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): JiKep | Juni 2026

Section

Review

Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Zulfah, Alfinny Boanerges, Aulia Putri Syah Vadysna, Nabila Nur Ramadhan, Zahwa Almauli Fatimah, Nursabillah Fitrah, Heri Ridwan

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