Asuhan keperawatan pada pasien chronic kidney disease stadium lanjut dengan pola napas tidak efektif: laporan kasus
Nursing care for a patient with advanced chronic kidney disease and ineffective breathing pattern: a case report
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33023/jikep.v12i2.3188Keywords:
Asuhan Keperawatan, Chronic Kidney Disease, Pola Napas Tidak Efektif, Semi-FowlerAbstract
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) stadium lanjut dapat menimbulkan gangguan respirasi akibat retensi cairan, kongesti paru, anemia, dan komorbid kardiovaskular. Kondisi ini dapat memunculkan masalah keperawatan berupa pola napas tidak efektif yang memerlukan pengkajian komprehensif dan intervensi berbasis clinical reasoning. Studi kasus ini bertujuan menggambarkan penerapan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien CKD stadium lanjut dengan diagnosis keperawatan pola napas tidak efektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain laporan kasus dengan subjek seorang pasien laki-laki CKD stadium lanjut yang dirawat di ruang Al ‘Ashr RSU PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul. Instrumen yang digunakan meliputi format pengkajian keperawatan, lembar observasi tanda vital, pulse oximeter, dan rekam medis. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, pemeriksaan fisik, dan telaah rekam medis. Penetapan diagnosis, luaran, dan intervensi keperawatan mengacu pada SDKI, SLKI, dan SIKI. Intervensi meliputi pemantauan respirasi, posisi semi-Fowler, manajemen aktivitas, serta edukasi pasien dan keluarga. Hasil asuhan menunjukkan perbaikan pola napas, penurunan keluhan sesak, dan peningkatan kenyamanan pasien. Simpulan klinis menunjukkan bahwa asuhan keperawatan berbasis clinical reasoning dengan intervensi semi-Fowler dapat membantu memperbaiki pola napas pada pasien CKD stadium lanjut. Implikasi keperawatan dari studi ini adalah pentingnya pengkajian respirasi komprehensif yang tidak hanya berfokus pada saturasi oksigen.
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